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Refraction
• Occurs when an RF wave crosses a boundary from one medium to another (i.e. from air to water). A wave entering
a medium at an angle will change direction
• Diffraction: It is the bending of RF waves around an object’s edge, such as a sharp corner or opening
• Objects that refl ect and attenuate RF signals include:
• Metal objects
• Objects with metal in them
• Ground
• Circuit breaker boxes
• Trees: RF energy loss depends on the size and type of tree. Large trees with dense foliage create greater loss
• Walls: Interior walls create less RF energy loss and exterior walls, especially those with stucco, create greater loss
• Floors: Wood fl oors create less RF energy loss and concrete and steel fl oors create greater loss
• Mirrored walls have very high RF energy loss
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